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[23] It is but a short step from synecdocheè to metonymy, which consists in the substitution of one name for another, and, as Cicero1 tells us, is called hypallage by the rhetoricians. These devices are employed to indicate an invention by substituting the name of [p. 315] the inventor, or a possession by substituting the name of the possessor. Virgil, for example, writes:2
“Ceres by water spoiled,
and Horace:

Neptune admitted to the land
Protects the fleets from blasts of Aquilo.

A. P. 63.
If, however, the process is reversed, the effect is harsh.

1 Orat. xxvii. 93.

2 Aen. i. 177.

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